{"id":3827,"date":"2024-10-14T15:23:34","date_gmt":"2024-10-14T06:23:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jcam-agri.co.jp\/wordpress\/?post_type=agriculture_science&p=3827"},"modified":"2026-07-27T17:15:53","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T08:15:53","slug":"%e7%ac%ac745%e5%8f%b7%e3%80%802022-r04-11%e7%99%ba%e8%a1%8c","status":"publish","type":"agriculture_science","link":"https:\/\/www.jcam-agri.co.jp\/en\/agriculture_science\/\u7b2c745\u53f7\u30002022-r04-11\u767a\u884c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c745\u53f7\u30002022(R04).11\u767a\u884c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a7 Environmentally friendly spinach cultivation methods (Part 1)
Former Toyama Prefectural Agricultural Technology Center
\u677e\u672c\u3000\u7f8e\u679d\u5b50<\/a>
\u00a7\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u683d\u57f9\u306e\u7701\u529b\u5316\u30fb\u751f\u7523\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u6280\u8853\u958b\u767a
Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agricultural Research Organization
\u4e0a\u7d1a\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u3000\u4e45\u4fdd\u3000\u5805\u53f8<\/a>
No \u00a7 Soil - Part 16
\u5806\u80a5\u3068\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u308b
\u2212\u5171\u901a\u70b9\u3068\u3061\u304c\u3044\u306f\u4f55\u304b\u2212
Jcam Agri Co.
\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u652f\u5e97\u3000\u6280\u8853\u9867\u554f
\u677e\u4e2d\u3000\u7167\u592b<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Environmentally Friendly Spinach Cultivation Method (Part 1)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Former Toyama Prefectural Agricultural Technology Center
\u677e\u672c\u3000\u7f8e\u679d\u5b50<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. use of organic matter (compost)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Introduction.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000In recent years, the use of organic matter has been recommended in terms of livestock waste management. However, if the fertilizer components of organic matter are applied to each cropping without sufficient evaluation, problems may occur in the physicochemical properties of the soil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000Therefore, here we investigated the actual soil physicochemical properties of soft vegetable plots in an institutionalized soft vegetable field in the prefecture where organic matter was continuously used, and attempted to clarify the problems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[Test method<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u9023\u7528\u8a66\u9a13\u306f\uff0c\u5e73\u6210\uff15\u301c\uff17\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u767a\u9175\u9d8f\u7cde500kg\/10a\uff08\u7523\u5730\uff21)\uff0c\u725b\u7cde\u5806\u80a5\uff12t\/10a\uff08\u7523\u5730\uff22\uff09\u3092\u5e74\u9593\uff13\u56de\u65bd\u7528\u3057\uff0c\u30db\u30a6\u30ec\u30f3\u30bd\u30a6\u3092\u683d\u57f9\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u51ac\u671f\u9593\u306f\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u5929\u5e55\u3092\u9664\u53bb\u3057\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u9664\u5869\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u571f\u58cc\u7269\u7406\u6027\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e73\u6210\uff18\u5e74\uff14\u6708\uff08\u4f5c\u571f12cm\uff09\u306b\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u306f\u5e73\u6210\uff18\u5e7412\u6708\u306b\uff08\u4f5c\u571f20cm\uff09\u4f5c\u571f\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8abf\u67fb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u73fe\u5730\u306e\u5b9f\u614b\u306f\uff0c\u5e73\u621010\u5e74\uff17\u301c\uff18\u6708\u306b\u770c\u5185\u8edf\u5f31\u91ce\u83dc\u683d\u57f9\u65bd\u8a2d60\u30ab\u6240\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u571f\u58cc\u53ca\u3073\u4f5c\u7269\u4f53\u3092\u63a1\u53d6\u3057\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u3068\u4f5c\u7269\u4f53\u306e\u5404\u7a2e\u990a\u5206\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u8abf\u67fb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Test Results and Discussion\u3011\u3011 \u3010Test Results and Discussion<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1) Effect of organic matter application on soil physicochemical properties in institutional plots in production areas A and B.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u725b\u7cde\u5806\u80a5\u306e\u9023\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308a\u56fa\u76f8\u7387\uff0c\u4eee\u6bd4\u91cd\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff0c\u6db2\u76f8\u7387\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u7b49\u571f\u58cc\u7269\u7406\u6027\u306e\u6539\u5584\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u304c\uff0c\u767a\u9175\u9d8f\u7cde\u306e\u9023\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308b\u571f\u58cc\u7269\u7406\u6027\u306e\u6539\u5584\u306f\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff08\u8868\uff11\u2212\uff11)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u571f\u58cc\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\uff0c\u725b\u7cde\u5806\u80a5\u306e\u9023\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308a\u5168\u70ad\u7d20\uff0c\u5168\u7a92\u7d20\u542b\u91cf\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\uff0c\uff23\uff25\uff23\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\uff0c\u6709\u52b9\u614b\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u3084\u4ea4\u63db\u6027\u5869\u57fa\u304c\u591a\u304f\u306a\u308a\uff0c\u7279\u306b\u4ea4\u63db\u6027\u30ab\u30ea\u306e\u96c6\u7a4d\u304c\u9855\u8457\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u767a\u9175\u9d8f\u7cde\u306e\u9023\u7528\u533a\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u6709\u52b9\u614b\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u53ca\u3073\u4ea4\u63db\u6027\u77f3\u7070\u306e\u96c6\u7a4d\u304c\u9855\u8457\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\uff08\u8868\uff11\u2212\uff12)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000The continuous use of cattle manure improved the soil physical properties of spinach without fertilizer, but too much application resulted in accumulation of various fertilizer components, especially exchangeable potassium. On the other hand, the continuous application of fermented poultry manure had little effect on soil physical properties, but increased the concentration of salts in the soil and disturbed the base balance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) Actual physical and chemical properties of soils in institutional spinach-growing areas<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u672c\u770c\u306e\u65bd\u8a2d\u30db\u30a6\u30ec\u30f3\u30bd\u30a6\u7523\u5730\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u751f\u7523\u8005\u304c\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u3092\u65bd\u7528\u3057\uff0c\u518580%\u306e\u751f\u7523\u8005\u304c\u725b\u7cde\u5806\u80a5\u3092\u5e73\u5747\uff15t\/10a\/\u5e74\u7a0b\u5ea6\u65bd\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u6539\u826f\u8cc7\u6750\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77f3\u7070\u53ca\u3073\u7194\u30ea\u30f3\u3092\uff0c\u3055\u3089\u306b\u4f5c\u4ed8\u3051\u6bce\u306b\u4e09\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5316\u6210\u3082\u3057\u304f\u306f\u6709\u6a5f\u8cea\u80a5\u6599\u3092\u65bd\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u8150\u690d\u542b\u91cf\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u571f\u58cc\u306e\u7269\u7406\u6027\u306f\u6539\u5584\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304c\uff0c\u6709\u52b9\u614b\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u53ca\u3073\u4ea4\u63db\u6027\u5869\u57fa\u304c\u84c4\u7a4d\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5024\u306f\uff0c\u8fb2\u6c34\u7701\u8fb2\u7523\u5712\u82b8\u5c40\u8fb2\u7523\u8ab2\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5024\u3088\u308a\u3082\u8457\u3057\u304f\u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff08\u8868\uff11\u2212\uff13)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u84c4\u7a4d\u306f\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u3078\u306e\u80a5\u6599\u6301\u3061\u51fa\u3057\u91cf\uff08\u683d\u57f9\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u990a\u5206\u5438\u53ce\u91cf\uff09\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\uff0c\u6301\u3061\u8fbc\u307f\u91cf\uff08\u65bd\u7528\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u6539\u826f\u8cc7\u6750\u53ca\u3073\u5316\u6210\u80a5\u6599\uff09\u304c\u8457\u3057\u304f\u591a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002\u306a\u304a\uff0c\u51ac\u671f\u9593\u306e\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u30d3\u30cb\u30eb\u9664\u53bb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u7136\u964d\u96e8\uff08600mm\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u4e2d\u306e\u7a92\u7d20\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u80a5\u6599\u6210\u5206\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u6d41\u4ea1\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\uff08\u56f3\uff11\u2212\uff11)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

3) Appropriate fertilizer content in soil for spinach<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000No harm from too much exchangeable base in the soil has been observed to date. Potassium levels in spinach increased up to 70 mg\/100 g of exchangeable potassium in the soil, but no increase was observed above that level. The same trend was observed for exchangeable bitter soil at 60 mg\/100 g or more, exchangeable lime at 500 mg\/100 g, and effective phosphoric acid at 50 mg\/100 g or more. Magnesium absorption concentrations decreased at concentrations of 100 mg\/100 g or more of exchangeable bitter soil, indicating that high concentrations of magnesium were likely causing damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u30ab\u30ea\u30a6\u30e0\u5438\u53ce\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306e\u4e0a\u6607\u306b\u4f34\u3044\u30ab\u30eb\u30b7\u30a6\u30e0+\u30de\u30b0\u30cd\u30b7\u30a6\u30e0\u5438\u53ce\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u4f5c\u7269\u304c\u5438\u53ce\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3068\u884c\u3063\u3066\u7d4c\u6e08\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5f93\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u4ea4\u63db\u6027\u30ab\u30ea\u306e\u9069\u6b63\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306f\uff0c70mg\/100g\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3055\u3089\u306b\u4f4e\u3044\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\uff08\u56f3\uff11\u2212\uff12\uff0c\u56f3\uff11\u2212\uff13)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u306a\u304a\uff0c\u7a92\u7d20\u3082\u542b\u3081\uff0c\u5168\u3066\u306e\u80a5\u6599\u6210\u5206\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u5024\u3092\u4e0a\u56de\u308b\u7523\u5730\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u6539\u826f\u8cc7\u6750\u53ca\u3073\u5316\u6210\u80a5\u6599\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u65bd\u7528\u305b\u305a\u306b\u683d\u57f9\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306e\u30db\u30a6\u30ec\u30f3\u30bd\u30a6\u306b\u7570\u5e38\u306f\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305a\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u6210\u5206\u542b\u91cf\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3082\u7de9\u6162\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u56f3\uff11\u2212\uff14)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u3082\u3068\u306b\uff0c\u6301\u7d9a\u7684\u5b89\u5b9a\u751f\u7523\u3092\u56f3\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u5ea6\u304b\u3089\u571f\u58cc\u8a3a\u65ad\u3092\u5b9f\u65bd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u9577\u5e74\u725b\u7cde\u5806\u80a5\u3092\u65bd\u7528\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u80a5\u6599\u6210\u5206\u304c\u84c4\u7a4d\u3057\u305f\u571f\u58cc\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7a92\u7d20\u4ee5\u5916\u306f\u7121\u65bd\u7528\u3067\uff18\u4f5c\u683d\u57f9\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u533a\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u4f5c\u7269\u4f53\u306e\u53ce\u91cf\u53ca\u3073\u990a\u5206\u5438\u53ce\u91cf\u30d0\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u304c\u6539\u5584\u3055\u308c\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u4e2d\u306e\u80a5\u6599\u6210\u5206\u542b\u91cf\u304c\u82e5\u5e72\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u305f\uff08\u8868\uff11\u2212\uff14\uff0c\uff11\u2212\uff15)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u306a\u304a\uff0c\u80a5\u6599\u304c\u904e\u5270\u84c4\u7a4d\u3057\u305f\u5703\u5834\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u80a5\u6599\u3092\u65bd\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304c\uff0c\u6d41\u4ea1\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u30c1\u30c3\u30bd\u3092\u52b9\u7387\u3088\u304f\uff0c\u3057\u304b\u3082\u7c21\u6613\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u65bd\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. compost application with coated urea<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Introduction.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000In a facility where a large amount of organic matter is applied, fertilizer does not need to be applied because the fertilizer components are not washed away by rainfall of about 600 mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000However, because nitrogen is absorbed in large amounts and is easily washed away by rainfall, fertilizer is often required for each crop, but excessive application may cause concentration disorders and environmental impact. Therefore, the objective of this study was to select a nitrogen source that shows leaching similar to the nitrogen absorption pattern of spinach, and to reduce the amount of nitrogen applied.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[Test method<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000Spinach was grown under nitrogen-free and conventional fertilizer systems, and nitrogen absorption (Kjeldahl nitrogen + nitrate nitrogen) was measured at different times of the year. Various nitrogen materials were embedded in the field, and fertilizers suitable for spinach were selected based on the leaching rate at different times of the year. Specialized fertilizers were applied to all layers and locally, and fertilizer nitrogen utilization was calculated by subtracting nitrogen from no nitrogen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Test Results and Discussion\u3011\u3011 \u3010Test Results and Discussion<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u30db\u30a6\u30ec\u30f3\u30bd\u30a6\u306e\u7a92\u7d20\u5438\u53ce\u91cf\u306f\uff0c\u64ad\u7a2e\u5f8c\uff12\u9031\u9593\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306f\u5c11\u306a\u304f\uff0c\u65bd\u80a5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5f71\u97ff\u3082\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u304c\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u6025\u6fc0\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\uff08\u56f3\uff12\u2212\uff11)\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u30db\u30a6\u30ec\u30f3\u30bd\u30a6\u306e\u80a5\u6599\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\uff0c\u7a92\u7d20\u6eb6\u51fa\u91cf\u306f\u524d\u534a\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3080\u3057\u308d\u5f8c\u534a\u3067\u591a\u304f\uff0c\u751f\u80b2\u671f\u9593\uff08\u307b\u307c30\u65e5\uff09\u4e2d\u306b\u7a92\u7d20\u6eb6\u51fa\u304c\u307b\u307c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3059\u308b\u80a5\u52b9\u304c\u9069\u5f53\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3002\u4f9b\u8a66\u3057\u305f\u5404\u7a2e\u7a92\u7d20\u8cc7\u6750\u306e\u3046\u3061\uff0c\u672c\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u6700\u3082\u8fd1\u3044\u6eb6\u51fa\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f\u306e\u306f30\u65e5\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u88ab\u8986\u5c3f\u7d20\uff08LP30\uff09\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\uff08\u56f3\uff12\u2212\uff12)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u3053\u306eLP30\u3092\u5c01\u5165\u3057\u305f\u30c6\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u76f4\u4e0a\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u785d\u9178\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u6fc3\u5ea6450\u301c900ppm\u3068\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u3044\u5024\u3092\u793a\u3057\u6839\u306e\u4f38\u9577\u306f\u6291\u5236\u3055\u308c\u308b\uff08\u56f3\uff12\u2212\uff13)\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\uff0c\u30c6\u30fc\u30d7\u304b\u3089\uff13cm\u96e2\u308c\u305f\u5834\u6240\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306f\uff11\/\uff13\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306b\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\uff0c\uff15cm\u96e2\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u305f\uff08\u56f3\uff12\u2212\uff14)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u6eb6\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u5c3f\u7d20\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u62e1\u6563\u305b\u305a\u306b\uff0c\u3057\u304b\u3082\u901f\u3084\u304b\u306b\u785d\u9178\u614b\u7a92\u7d20\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0cLP30\u3068\u7a2e\u5b50\u3092\uff12cm\u7a0b\u5ea6\u96e2\u305b\u3070\u6fc3\u5ea6\u969c\u5bb3\u306f\u56de\u907f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002LP30\u3068\u7a2e\u5b50\u3092\uff12cm\u4ee5\u4e0a\u96e2\u3059\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u7a2e\u5b50\u3068\u80a5\u6599\u306e\uff12\u672c\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30d7\u3092\uff12cm\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u57cb\u8a2d\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\uff0c\u7a2e\u5b50\u3068LP30\u3092\uff11\u672c\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u5c01\u5165\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304c\uff0c\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3082\u767a\u82bd\u969c\u5bb3\u8efd\u6e1b\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\uff0c\u7a2e\u5b50\u5c01\u5165\u9593\u9694\u3092\uff15cm\u3068\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\uff0c\u7a2e\u5b50\u9593\u306b\u5c01\u5165\u3067\u304d\u308bLP30\u306f\uff13\u7c92\u304c\u4e0a\u9650\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\uff08\u8868\uff12\u2212\uff11)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u6163\u884c\u683d\u57f9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\uff0cLP30\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u5168\u91cf\u65bd\u80a5\u3067\u306e\u7a92\u7d20\u65bd\u7528\u9069\u91cf\u306f12kg\/10a\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\uff0c\u30c6\u30fc\u30d7\u5c01\u5165\u80a5\u6599\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u5c40\u6240\u65bd\u80a5\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u6625\u53ca\u3073\u79cb\u4f5c\u30674.5kg\/10a\u306b\uff0c\u590f\u4f5c\u30672.7kg\/10a\u306b\u524a\u6e1b\u3067\u304d\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3082\u8457\u3057\u304f\u5411\u4e0a\u3057\uff0c\u751f\u80b2\u3082\u826f\u597d\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\uff08\u56f3\uff12\u2212\uff15)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000In the above, when fertilizer components other than nitrogen are accumulated in the soil, it is reasonable to use LP30 together as a nitrogen source, and the high utilization rate of nitrogen in such cases makes it effective as a countermeasure against high EC in the soil and also as a countermeasure against groundwater contamination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u30db\u30a6\u30ec\u30f3\u30bd\u30a6\u306e\u751f\u80b2\u671f\u9593\u306f\u307b\u307c35\u65e5\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3067\uff0c\u88ab\u8986\u5c3f\u7d20\u80a5\u6599\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306fLP30\u304c\u9069\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\uff0c\u682a\u9593\u306f\uff15cm\u306b\uff11\u7c92\u3092\u5c01\u5165\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3088\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306e\u65bd\u80a5\u91cf\u306f\uff0c\u8868\uff12\u2212\uff11\u306b\u793a\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\uff0c\u7a2e\u5b50\u3068\u80a5\u6599\u3092\u540c\u3058\u30c6\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u5c01\u5165\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3088\u304f\uff0c\u65bd\u7528\u91cf\u304c\u591a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u500b\u3005\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u5c01\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The cultivation of ginseng
\u7701\u529b\u5316\u30fb\u751f\u7523\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u6280\u8853\u958b\u767a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agricultural Research Organization
\u4e0a\u7d1a\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u3000\u4e45\u4fdd\u3000\u5805\u53f8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Introduction.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306f\uff0c\u30a6\u30b3\u30ae\u79d1\u306e\u591a\u5e74\u6027\u4f5c\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u56f3\uff11)\u3002\u672c\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u6839\u306f\uff0c\u751f\u85ac\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5065\u5eb7\u5897\u9032\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6f22\u65b9\u88fd\u5264\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6f22\u65b9\u88fd\u5264294\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u3046\u3061\uff0c73\u51e6\u65b9\uff09\u306b\u914d\u5408\u3055\u308c\u308b\uff08\u67f4\u7530\u30892018)\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u679c\u5b9f\uff0c\u6839\uff0c\u6839\u830e\uff0c\u8449\u306f\uff0c\uff62\u533b\u85ac\u54c1\u7684\u52b9\u80fd\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6a19\u307c\u3046\u3057\u306a\u3044\u9650\u308a\u533b\u85ac\u54c1\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u306a\u3044\u6210\u5206\u672c\u8cea\uff08\u539f\u6750\u6599)\u300d\u306b\u533a\u5206\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u5065\u5eb7\u98df\u54c1\uff0c\u30c9\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u5264\uff0c\u5929\u9ea9\u7f85\u3084\u8336\u306a\u3069\u306e\u98df\u6750\u3084\u4eba\u53c2\u9152\uff08\u713c\u914e\u6f2c\u3051\uff09\u306a\u3069\u306e\u307b\u304b\uff0c\u5316\u7ca7\u54c1\u6750\u6599\u306b\u3082\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\uff08\u67f4\u7530 2021)\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u4e2d\u56fd\u304b\u3089\u8f38\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\uff08\u4ee4\u548c\uff12\u5e74\u306e\u7dcf\u8f38\u5165\u91cf\u306f719\u30c8\u30f3)\uff0c\u56fd\u7523\u306e\u81ea\u7d66\u7387\u306f\u308f\u305a\u304b0.4\uff05\uff08\uff13\u30c8\u30f3\uff09\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u7279\u7523\u8fb2\u7523\u7269\u5354\u4f1a 2022)\u3002\u5065\u5eb7\u3084\u6f22\u65b9\u533b\u5b66\u3078\u306e\u95a2\u5fc3\u306e\u9ad8\u307e\u308a\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u306e\u8f38\u5165\u91cf\u306f\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u7279\u7523\u8fb2\u7523\u7269\u5354\u4f1a 2022)\uff0c\u4fa1\u683c\u306f\u9ad8\u9a30\u50be\u5411\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u6f22\u65b9\u751f\u85ac\u88fd\u5264\u5354\u4f1a 2015)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u56fd\u5185\u3067\u306f\u9577\u91ce\u770c\uff0c\u5cf6\u6839\u770c\uff0c\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u304c\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u7523\u5730\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\uff0c
\u2460\u539f\u6599\u751f\u85ac\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u6839\u3092\u53ce\u7a6b\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306b\uff14\u301c\uff16\u5e74\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9577\u3044\u5e74\u6708\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff0c
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\u3000\u306a\u3069\u304c\u65b0\u898f\u53c2\u5165\u306e\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30eb\u3068\u306a\u308a\uff0c\u4e26\u884c\u3057\u3066\u7be4\u8fb2\u5bb6\u306e\u9ad8\u9f62\u5316\u3082\u9032\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u662d\u548c55\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\u306e\u683d\u57f9\u8fb2\u5bb6\u6570\u3068\u9762\u7a4d\u306f3,290\u6238\uff08\u662d\u548c55\u5e74)\uff0c636ha\uff08\u662d\u548c61\u5e74\uff09\u3092\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u306b\u6e1b\u5c11\u304c\u7d9a\u304d\uff0c\u4ee4\u548c\uff12\u5e74\u306b\u306f121\u6238\uff0c15ha\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u7279\u7523\u8fb2\u7523\u7269\u5354\u4f1a 2022)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000Against this background, stabilization and expansion of domestic production of oilseed rape is considered one of the most important issues. Figure 2 shows the cultivation history of the conventional oilseed rape. In this paper, the findings of research and technological development by the author's group on cultivation management in the areas indicated by the dotted line in the figure are described below.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

1. accelerated seed germination and growth<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000Seeds of the oilseed rape have two stages of dormancy, morphological dormancy and physiological dormancy, and germination will not occur unless these two dormancies are broken. Breaking morphological dormancy requires a certain period of exposure to high temperatures in summer, while breaking physiological dormancy requires a certain period of exposure to low temperatures in winter. Therefore, seeds are easily affected by the growth environment, and it takes nearly eight months from seed collection to germination. For these reasons, seed dormancy breaking and seedling growth are considered to be among the most difficult processes throughout the growing season. Therefore, here we examined growth conditions to accelerate seed germination and seedling growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5438\u6c34\u3055\u305b\u305f\u7a2e\u5b50\u3092100ppm\u306e\u30b8\u30d9\u30ec\u30ea\u30f3\u306b24\u6642\u9593\u6d78\u6f2c\u3057\uff0c15\u2103\u306710\u9031\u9593\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff0c\u82bd\u5207\u308a\uff08\u7a2e\u5b50\u306e\u80da\u304c\u81a8\u3089\u307f\uff0c\u7a2e\u76ae\u304c\u5272\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff09\u3092\u4fc3\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\uff08\u56f3\uff13)\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\uff0c\uff15\u2103\u30fb12\u9031\u9593\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff0c\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u767a\u82bd\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u767a\u82bd\u5f8c\u306f\uff0c\u5149\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092320\u03bcmol m\uff0d2<\/sup>s\uff0d1<\/sup>\uff0c\u4e8c\u9178\u5316\u70ad\u7d20\u6fc3\u5ea6\u30921500ppm\u307e\u3067\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff0c\u82d7\u306e\u751f\u9577\u3092\u65e9\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\uff08Kuronuma et al. 2020)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000These results suggest that seed dormancy breaking and seedling growth using environmentally controlled facilities can improve and stabilize the germination rate and shorten the growing period compared to the conventional outdoor seed dormancy breaking and seedling growth in open fields.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. selection of suitable cultivation sites \uff08influence of soil physical properties)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u70b9\u3092\u8abf\u67fb\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\uff0c\u9ad8\u3044\u571f\u58cc\u786c\u5ea6\u304c\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u751f\u80b2\u3092\u963b\u5bb3\u3059\u308b\u8981\u56e0\u306e\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u305f\uff08\u4e45\u4fdd\u3089 2017)\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\uff0c\u8abf\u67fb\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u5730\u57df\u3092\u62e1\u5927\u3057\uff0c\u4ed6\u306e\u7523\u5730\uff08\u9577\u91ce\u770c\uff0c\u5cf6\u6839\u770c\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u751f\u80b2\u3068\u571f\u58cc\u786c\u5ea6\u3092\u8abf\u67fb\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\uff0c\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u4e3b\u6839\u9577\u3084\u6839\u91cd\u306f\u9577\u91ce\u770c\u7523\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\uff0c\u6b21\u3044\u3067\u5cf6\u6839\u770c\u7523\uff0c\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u7523\u306e\u9806\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\uff08\u4e45\u4fdd\u3089 2019)\u3002\u9577\u91ce\u770c\u3068\u5cf6\u6839\u770c\u306e\u5703\u5834\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8868\u5c6420cm\u306e\u571f\u58cc\u786c\u5ea6\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306f\uff0c\u7de0\u3081\u56fa\u3081\u304c\u9032\u3093\u3060\u53ce\u7a6b\u6642\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c130kPa\uff0c200kPa\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u306e\u5703\u5834\u306e\u683d\u57f9\u958b\u59cb\u5f8c\uff11\u5e74\u76ee\u306e\u786c\u5ea6\uff08\u7d04900kPa\uff09\u3088\u308a\u3082\u4f4e\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff08\u56f3\uff14)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u306e\u5703\u5834\u306f\u7070\u8272\u4f4e\u5730\u571f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\uff0c\u9577\u91ce\u770c\u3068\u5cf6\u6839\u770c\u306e\u5703\u5834\u306f\u9ed2\u30dc\u30af\u571f\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u304c\u571f\u58cc\u786c\u5ea6\u3068\u5bc6\u63a5\u306b\u95a2\u4fc2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u571f\u58cc\u306e\u7269\u7406\u6027\u306b\u52a3\u308b\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u306e\u5703\u5834\u306b\u571f\u58cc\u6539\u826f\u8cc7\u6750\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30dd\u30ea\u30d3\u30cb\u30eb\u30a2\u30eb\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\uff08PVA\uff0c\u30c7\u30f3\u30ab\u30dd\u30d0\u30fc\u30eb \uff22\u221220\uff09\u3092\u65bd\u7528\u3057\uff08100kg\/10a)\uff0c\u8015\u8018\u30fb\u755d\u7acb\u3066\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u6df1\u5ea6\uff10\u301c20cm\u4ed8\u8fd1\u306e\u786c\u3055\u304c\u8efd\u6e1b\u3055\u308c\uff0c\u6839\u306e\u4f38\u9577\u306e\u6539\u5584\u304c\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\uff08\u4e45\u4fdd\u3089 2019)\u3002PVA\u306e\u65bd\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308b\u571f\u58cc\u786c\u5ea6\u306e\u8efd\u6e1b\u306f\uff0c\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u751f\u80b2\u671f\u9593\u4e2d\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000These results suggest that fields with soil that does not harden easily, such as black-box soil, are suitable for cultivating oilseed carrots. On the other hand, it is important to improve the physical properties of the soil with organic matter and soil improvement materials such as PVA before planting in a paddy field.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. improvement of root growth and quality (influence of soil chemistry)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000The roots of harvested carrots sometimes lose their value as a commodity due to shape and discoloration such as browning. Although the use of chemical fertilizers has been discouraged in carrot production, and soil preparation using organic matter and green manure for more than one year has been recommended, no case study has been conducted to investigate the relationship between such soil preparation and productivity and quality of carrots. Here, we focused on the behavior of nitrogen in carrot production, and analyzed and discussed its relationship with productivity and quality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u6839\u90e8\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u7cd6\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u9178\uff0c\u30a2\u30df\u30ce\u9178\uff0c\u30a2\u30df\u30f3\u306a\u3069\u306e\u6c34\u6eb6\u6027\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7523\u7269\u3092\u89e3\u6790\u3057\uff0c\u5730\u57df\u5225\u306b\u751f\u80b2\u91cf\u3068\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u89e3\u6790\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\uff0c\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5730\u57df\u306e\u5703\u5834\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u30a2\u30df\u30ce\u9178\u985e\uff08\u30b0\u30eb\u30bf\u30df\u30f3\u9178\uff0c\u30b0\u30eb\u30bf\u30df\u30f3\u7b49\uff09\u304c\u9ad8\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306e\u500b\u4f53\u3067\u4f4e\u3044\u6839\u91cd\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u571f\u58cc\u4e2d\u306e\u4f59\u5270\u306a\u7a92\u7d20\u6210\u5206\uff08\u5316\u6210\u80a5\u6599\u3067\u306e\u4f9b\u7d66\u3067\u767a\u751f\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\uff09\u306f\u30a2\u30df\u30ce\u9178\u306a\u3069\u306b\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3002\u6839\u91cd\u306e\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u500b\u4f53\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u7a92\u7d20\u3092\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u30a2\u30df\u30ce\u9178\u306e\u84c4\u7a4d\u306f\uff0c\u6839\u306e\u8868\u9762\u306e\u8910\u5909\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\uff08\u56f3\uff15)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000These results suggest that supplying nitrogen at a slow rate commensurate with growth may improve root growth and quality in oilseed carrots.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. labor-saving transplantation work<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u672c\u7a3f\u306e\u300c\uff11\uff0e\u7a2e\u5b50\u306e\u767a\u82bd\u3068\u751f\u80b2\u306e\u52a0\u901f\u5316\u300d\u3067\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u82d7\u306f\uff0c\u6163\u884c\u683d\u57f9\u3067\u306f\u4e00\u7aef\u80b2\u82d7\u5703\u304b\u3089\u6398\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u3089\u308c\uff0c\u9593\u9694\u3092\u62e1\u3052\u3066\u672c\u5703\u306b\u79fb\u690d\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5de5\u7a0b\u306f\u624b\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u3068\u52b4\u529b\u3092\u8981\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u79fb\u690d\u4f5c\u696d\u3092\u7701\u529b\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3057\uff0c\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u30dd\u30c3\u30c8\u3068\u5c02\u7528\u79fb\u690d\u6a5f\uff08\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u30dd\u30c3\u30c8\u79fb\u690d\uff09\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u30dd\u30c3\u30c8\u79fb\u690d\u3068\u6163\u884c\u306e\u79fb\u690d\u4f5c\u696d\u3068\u306e\u52b4\u50cd\u6642\u9593\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\uff0c\u64ad\u7a2e\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6642\u9593\u306f\u6163\u884c\uff0812\u6642\u9593\/10a\u00d7\u4eba\u6570\uff09\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u30dd\u30c3\u30c8\u79fb\u690d\uff0828\u6642\u9593\/10a\u00d7\u4eba\u6570\uff09\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u304c\uff0c\u79fb\u690d\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6642\u9593\u306f\u6163\u884c\u304c86\u6642\u9593\/10a\u00d7\u4eba\u6570\u3060\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u30dd\u30c3\u30c8\u79fb\u690d\u304c23\u6642\u9593\/10a\u00d7\u4eba\u6570\u3068\u77ed\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u305f\uff08\u56f3\uff16)\u3002\u64ad\u7a2e\u3068\u79fb\u690d\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6642\u9593\u3092\u5408\u8a08\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\uff0c\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u30dd\u30c3\u30c8\u79fb\u690d\u306f\uff0c\u64ad\u7a2e\u3068\u79fb\u690d\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u6642\u9593\u3092\u6163\u884c\u683d\u57f9\u306e\u534a\u5206\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306b\u6291\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u63a8\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

5. optimization of harvest time<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306f\u751f\u80b2\u304c\u7de9\u6162\u306a\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u64ad\u7a2e\u304b\u3089\u53ce\u7a6b\u307e\u3067\uff14\u301c\uff16\u5e74\u306e\u683d\u57f9\u5e74\u6570\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u67f4\u7530\u3089 2018)\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u6839\u306e\u80a5\u5927\u3068\u85ac\u7528\u6709\u7528\u6210\u5206\u306e\u84c4\u7a4d\u304c\u7d4c\u5e74\u7684\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u63a8\u79fb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff0c\u6700\u9069\u306a\u53ce\u7a6b\u6642\u671f\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3002\u64ad\u7a2e\u5f8c\uff13\u5e74\u76ee\u306e\u6839\uff08\uff13\u5e74\u6839)\uff0c\uff14\u5e74\u6839\u304a\u3088\u3073\uff15\u5e74\u6839\u3092\u4e00\u5e74\u304a\u304d\u306b\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u4f1a\u6d25\u5730\u57df\u306e\u540c\u4e00\u5703\u5834\u304b\u3089\u63a1\u53d6\u3057\uff0c\u751f\u6839\u91cd\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\uff0c\uff14\u5e74\u6839\u306f\uff13\u5e74\u6839\u306e\u7d04\uff13\u500d\u306b\u80a5\u5927\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\uff0c\uff14\u5e74\u6839\u3068\uff15\u5e74\u6839\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5dee\u7570\u306f\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff08\u56f3\uff17)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000\u85ac\u7528\u6709\u7528\u6210\u5206\uff08\u30ae\u30f3\u30bb\u30ce\u30b7\u30c9\uff09\u542b\u91cf\u306f\uff0c\uff13\u301c\uff15\u5e74\u6839\u306e\u9593\u306b\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u9055\u3044\u306f\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305a\uff0c\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u65e5\u672c\u85ac\u5c40\u65b9\u306b\u898f\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u542b\u91cf\u898f\u683c\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\uff08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7701\u7565)\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u4f1a\u6d25\u5730\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u6700\u9069\u306a\u53ce\u7a6b\u6642\u671f\u306f\u64ad\u7a2e\u5f8c\uff14\u5e74\u76ee\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. utilization of substandard products<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000As described in \"4. Improvement of Root Growth and Quality (Influence of Soil Chemistry),\" there are situations in which harvested ginseng roots lose their value as a commodity due to shape and discoloration such as browning. In this study, we investigated the effect of good or bad shape on this component by examining the ginsenoside content of roots with poor shape (poor growth of the main root, browning on the surface, etc.) from the viewpoint of using the roots, which had a low value as a commodity, for pharmaceuticals and other purposes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u5065\u5168\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6839\u3068\u5f62\u72b6\u4e0d\u826f\u6839\u306e\u30ae\u30f3\u30bb\u30ce\u30b7\u30c9\u542b\u91cf\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\uff0c\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5dee\u306f\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305a\uff0c\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u533b\u85ac\u54c1\u306e\u6210\u5206\u898f\u683c\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\uff08\u56f3\uff18)\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u5f93\u6765\u4f4e\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u5f62\u72b6\u4e0d\u826f\u6839\u3082\u751f\u85ac\u539f\u6599\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6d3b\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u5f93\u6765\u5546\u54c1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u4f4e\u8a55\u4fa1\u3060\u3063\u305f\u6839\u3092\u533b\u85ac\u54c1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6d3b\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u4fa1\u5024\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

summary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u672c\u7a3f\u3067\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u5185\u5bb9\u306f\uff0c\u8fb2\u7814\u6a5f\u69cb\u306e\u30db\u30fc\u30e0\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u300c\u7701\u529b\u5316\u30fb\u751f\u7523\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u683d\u57f9\u624b\u5f15\u304d\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u516c\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u8fb2\u7814\u6a5f\u69cb\u3089 2021a)\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u767a\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\uff0c\u9577\u91ce\u770c\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5cf6\u6839\u770c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a66\u9a13\u30fb\u8abf\u67fb\u3067\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\uff0c\u5730\u57df\u3084\u6c17\u5019\u6761\u4ef6\u7b49\u306b\u3088\u308a\u5909\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u7559\u610f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3060\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u624b\u5f15\u304d\u306f\u683d\u57f9\u5de5\u7a0b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u500b\u5225\u306e\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u8853\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u6539\u826f\u30fb\u7701\u529b\u5316\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u683d\u57f9\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7dcf\u5408\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306f\uff0c\uff62\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u683d\u57f9\u306e\u624b\u5f15\u304d\u301c\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u7523\u62e1\u5927\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u6280\u8853\u306e\u958b\u767a\u301c\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d6\u308a\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u8fb2\u7814\u6a5f\u69cb\u3089 2021b)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\uff0c\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u7523\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5b89\u5b9a\u4f9b\u7d66\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3066\u306f\uff0c\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u683d\u57f9\u6280\u8853\u3092\u7d99\u627f\u3057\u3064\u3064\uff0c\u672c\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u751f\u7406\u30fb\u751f\u614b\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6df1\u3081\uff0c\u751f\u7523\u3092\u52b9\u7387\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\uff0c\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u304c\u7f79\u75c5\u3059\u308b\u7cf8\u72b6\u83cc\u3084\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u540c\u5b9a\u3068\u5bfe\u7b56\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u9032\u5c55\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08Uehara\u0002Ichiki et al. 2019\uff1b\u4f50\u85e4\u30fb\u5ee3\u5ca1 2020)\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u512a\u826f\u682a\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7d44\u7e54\u57f9\u990a\u6280\u8853\u306e\u958b\u767a\u3082\u9032\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u95a2\u6839\u30fb\u9234\u6728 2020)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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thanks<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u73fe\u5730\u751f\u7523\u5703\u5834\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u306b\u5feb\u304f\u3054\u5354\u529b\u3092\u3044\u305f\u3060\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u83ca\u5730\u8981\u4e00\u6c0f\uff08\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u4f1a\u6d25\u82e5\u677e\u5e02)\uff0c\u6e05\u6c34\u7422\u6c0f\uff08\u6e05\u6c34\u85ac\u8349\u6709\u9650\u4f1a\u793e\uff0c\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u559c\u591a\u65b9\u5e02)\uff0c\u6a2a\u8c37\u4fca\u5f66\u6c0f\uff08\u6a2a\u8c37\u8fb2\u5712\uff0c\u9577\u91ce\u770c\u6771\u5fa1\u5e02)\uff0c\u6e21\u90e8\u5353\u4e5f\u6c0f\uff08\u7531\u5fd7\u5712\u30a2\u30b0\u30ea\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u682a\u5f0f\u4f1a\u793e\uff0c\u5cf6\u6839\u770c\u677e\u6c5f\u5e02\uff09\u306b\u539a\u304f\u304a\u793c\u7533\u3057\u4e0a\u3052\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u672c\u7a3f\u306e\u6821\u95b2\u306b\u3054\u5354\u529b\u3044\u305f\u3060\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u5ca1\u5d0e\u572d\u6bc5\u6c0f\uff08\u8fb2\u7814\u6a5f\u69cb)\uff0c\u6e21\u8fba\u5747\u6c0f\uff08\u5343\u8449\u5927\u5b66)\uff0c\u79cb\u8449\u79c0\u4e00\u90ce\u6c0f\uff08\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u7acb\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66)\uff0c\u6c5f\u5ddd\u5b5d\u4e8c\u6c0f\uff08\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u8fb2\u696d\u7dcf\u5408\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\uff09\u306f\uff0c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u53d6\u5f97\u30fb\u89e3\u6790\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u8457\u8005\u3068\u540c\u7b49\u306b\u8ca2\u732e\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000The research and technology development described in this paper was conducted by the Otane Ginseng Team (National Agricultural Research Institute, Chiba University, Fukushima Medical University, and Fukushima Prefectural Agricultural Research Center) as part of the \"Development of Technologies for Expanding Domestic Production of Medicinal Crops (Representative: Hiroki Kawashima)\" (2016-2020) project research commissioned by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. The project was conducted by the Otane Carrot Team (National Agricultural Research Institute, Chiba University, Fukushima Medical University, and Fukushima Prefectural Agricultural Center).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

References<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\uff0e2021\uff0e\u304a\u305f\u306d\u306b\u3093\u3058\u3093\u30d5\u30a7\u30a2\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u4e94\u5341\u5d50\u88d5\u4e8c\uff0e2019\uff0e\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u300c\u56fd\u7523\u5316\uff63 \uff0e\u751f\u7269\u5de5\u5b66\uff0e97\uff1a236\u2212238\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u4e45\u4fdd\u5805\u53f8\uff0c\u6c5f\u53e3\u54f2\u4e5f\uff0c\u5c0f\u6797\u5927\u8f14\uff0c\u79cb\u8449\u79c0\u4e00\u90ce\uff0c\u4e09\u6f74\u5fe0\u9053\uff0c\u6e21\u8fba\u5747\uff0c\u5ca1\u5d0e\u572d\u6bc5\uff0c\u677e\u6ce2\u5bff\u5f25\uff0c\u6e05\u6c34\u7422\uff0c\u661f\u4f73\u7e54\uff0c\u6c38\u5c71\u5b8f\u4e00\uff0c\u4fe1\u6fc3\u5353\u90ce\uff0e2017\uff0e\u571f\u58cc\u306e\u7269\u7406\u6027\u304c\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u751f\u80b2\u306b\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5f71\u97ff\uff0e\u7b2c47\u56de\u6839\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u4f1a\u8b1b\u6f14\u8981\u65e8\u96c6\uff0e14\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u4e45\u4fdd\u5805\u53f8\uff0c\u6c5f\u53e3\u54f2\u4e5f\uff0c\u79cb\u8449\u79c0\u4e00\u90ce\uff0c\u5c0f\u6797\u5927\u8f14\uff0c\u4e09\u6f74\u5fe0\u9053\uff0c\u6e21\u8fba\u5747\uff0c\u661f\u4f73\u7e54\uff0c\u91ce\u7530\u6b63\u6d69\uff0c\u4e94\u5341\u5d50\u88d5\u4e8c\uff0c\u5ca1\u5d0e\u572d\u6bc5\uff0c\u6c38\u7530\u4fee\uff0c\u4fe1\u6fc3\u5353\u90ce\uff0e2019\uff0e\u571f\u58cc\u306e\u7269\u7406\u6027\u3068\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u751f\u80b2\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u8cc7\u6750\u65bd\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7269\u7406\u6027\u6539\u5584\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u89e3\u6790\uff0e\u7b2c248\u56de\u65e5\u672c\u4f5c\u7269\u5b66\u4f1a\u8b1b\u6f14\u4f1a\u8981\u65e8\u96c6\uff0e88\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cfKuronuma, T., Wang, Q., Ando, M. & Watanabe, H. 2020\uff0eEffects of different light intensities on the growth and accumulation of photosynthetic products in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyers\uff0eEnviron. Control Biol\uff0e58\uff1a131\u2212135\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u65e5\u672c\u6f22\u65b9\u751f\u85ac\u88fd\u5264\u5354\u4f1a\uff0e2015\uff0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7523\u539f\u6599\u751f\u85ac\u306e\u4fa1\u683c\u8abf\u67fb\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u65e5\u672c\u7279\u7523\u8fb2\u7523\u7269\u5354\u4f1a\uff0e2022\uff0e\u5730\u57df\u7279\u7523\u4f5c\u7269\uff08\u5de5\u82b8\u4f5c\u7269\uff0c\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u53ca\u3073\u548c\u7d19\u539f\u6599\u7b49\uff09\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8cc7\u6599\uff08\u4ee4\u548c\uff12\u5e74\u7523) \uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u8fb2\u7814\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u5343\u8449\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\u7acb\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u798f\u5cf6\u770c\uff0e2021a\uff0e\u7701\u529b\u5316\u30fb\u751f\u7523\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u683d\u57f9\u624b\u5f15\u304d\uff0e\u8fb2\u6797\u6c34\u7523\u7701\u59d4\u8a17\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u7814\u7a76\u300c\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u7523\u62e1\u5927\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u6280\u8853\u306e\u958b\u767a\u300d\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u30b3\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30a2\u30e0\uff0c\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u8fb2\u7814\u6a5f\u69cb \u4ed6\uff0e2021b\uff0e\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u683d\u57f9\u306e\u624b\u5f15\u304d\u301c\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u7523\u62e1\u5927\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u6280\u8853\u306e\u958b\u767a\u301c\uff0e\u8fb2\u6797\u6c34\u7523\u7701\u59d4\u8a17\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u7814\u7a76\u300c\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u7523\u62e1\u5927\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u6280\u8853\u306e\u958b\u767a\u300d\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u30b3\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30a2\u30e0\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u5ca1\u5d0e\u572d\u6bc5\uff0c\u4e45\u4fdd\u5805\u53f8\uff0c\u79cb\u8449\u79c0\u4e00\u90ce\uff0c\u5c0f\u6797\u5927\u8f14\uff0c\u4e09\u6f74\u5fe0\u9053\uff0c\u4fe1\u6fc3\u5353\u90ce\uff0c\u3000\u5e38\u7530\u5cb3\u5fd7\uff0c\u4e2d\u5cf6\u6cf0\u5f18\uff0c\u7530\u4e2d\u798f\u4ee3\uff0c\u5927\u8107\u826f\u6210\uff0e2020\uff0e\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u751f\u80b2\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u305f\u7a92\u7d20\u540c\u4f4d\u4f53\u6bd4\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7a92\u7d20\u6210\u5206\u306e\u89e3\u6790\uff0e\u5712\u82b8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5225\u518a\uff0e19\uff0c151\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u4f50\u85e4\u8c4a\u4e09\uff0c\u5ee3\u5ca1\u88d5\u540f\uff0e2020\uff0e\u6700\u8fd1\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u7cf8\u72b6\u83cc\u75c5\uff0e\u690d\u7269\u9632\u75ab\uff0e74\uff1a91\u221296\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u95a2\u6839\u7dbe\uff0c\u9234\u6728\u8a89\u5b50\uff0e2020\uff0e\u304a\u305f\u306d\u306b\u3093\u3058\u3093\u2018\u304b\u3044\u3057\u3085\u3046\u3055\u3093\u2019\u57f9\u990a\u500b\u4f53\u306e\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u9806\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u306e\u958b\u767a\uff0e\u5712\u82b8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5225\u518a\uff0e21\uff0c132.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u67f4\u7530\u654f\u90ce\uff0e2021\uff0e\u990a\u547d\u85ac\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u671d\u9bae\u4eba\u53c2\u2212\u7d76\u6ec5\u5371\u60e7\u7a2e\u30aa\u30bf\u30cd\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u683d\u57f9\u5316\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u3068\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u305d\u3057\u3066\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u73fe\u72b6\uff0eFFI JOURNAL\uff0e226\uff1a333\u2212341\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cfUehara-Ichiki, T., Ohashi, M. & Hanada, K.2019\uff0eYellowing of Panax ginseng Meyer induced by cucumber mosaic virus infection.J. Gen. Plant Pathol\uff0e85\uff1a155\u2212157\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u67f4\u7530\u654f\u90ce\uff0c\u9152\u4e95\u82f1\u4e8c\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u6a39\uff0c\u83f1\u7530\u6566\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f50\u85e4\u8c4a\u4e09\uff0e2018\uff0e\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269 \u683d\u57f9\u306e\u624b\u5f15\u304d (\uff12) \uff0e9\u221258\uff0e\u85ac\u7528\u4f5c\u7269\u7523\u5730\u652f\u63f4\u5354\u8b70\u4f1a\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u5c71\u672c\u8c4a\uff0c\u9ec4\u79c0\u6587\uff0c\u4f50\u3005\u6728\u535a\uff0c\u6b66\u7530\u4fee\u5df1\uff0c\u6a0b\u53e3\u525b\u592e\uff0c\u5411\u7530\u6709\u5e0c\uff0c\u68ee\u7950\u609f\uff0c\u5c71\u53e3\u80fd\u5b8f\uff0c\u767d\u9ce5\u8aa0\uff0e2019\uff0e\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u539f\u6599\u751f\u85ac\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8abf\u67fb\u5831\u544a\uff0e\u751f\u85ac\u5b66\u96d1\u8a8c\uff0e73\uff1a16\u221235\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No Soil - Part 16
\u5806\u80a5\u3068\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u308b
\u2212\u5171\u901a\u70b9\u3068\u3061\u304c\u3044\u306f\u4f55\u304b\u2212<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jcam Agri Co.
\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u652f\u5e97\u3000\u6280\u8853\u9867\u554f
\u677e\u4e2d\u3000\u7167\u592b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u9023\u8f09\u7b2c11\u56de\uff08\uff15\u6708\u53f7\uff09\u304b\u3089\u7b2c13\u56de\uff08\uff17\u6708\u53f7\uff09\u307e\u3067\u306f\u5806\u80a5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u7b2c14\u56de\uff08\uff18\u30fb\uff19\u6708\u5408\u4f75\u53f7\uff09\u3068\u7b2c15\u56de\uff0810\u6708\u53f7\uff09\u3067\u306f\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u8a71\u984c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u3002\u5806\u80a5\u3084\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u72b6\u6cc1\u3067\u4e16\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u767b\u5834\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u306e\u304b\uff0c\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u4f5c\u7269\u751f\u7523\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4eca\u6708\u306f\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u3092\u7dcf\u62ec\u3057\uff0c\u5806\u80a5\u3084\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6539\u3081\u3066\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\uff0c\u5171\u901a\u70b9\u3068\u3061\u304c\u3044\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002\u306a\u304a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u5358\u306b\u5806\u80a5\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u306f\uff0c\u5b8c\u719f\u5806\u80a5\u304b\u3089\u672a\u719f\u306a\u5806\u80a5\u3092\u542b\u3081\u305f\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u8cc7\u6750\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. effects of diverse composts<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3059\u3067\u306b\u7b2c12\u56de\u3067\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff0c\u5806\u80a5\u3092\u8fb2\u5730\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u5834\u5408\uff0c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5206\u3051\u3066\uff13\u3064\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\uff0c\u2460\u990a\u5206\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u52b9\u679c\uff0c\u2461\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u5206\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u306b\u304f\u3044\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u52b9\u679c\uff0c\u2462\u751f\u7269\u306e\u4f9b\u7d66\u6e90\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306f\uff0c\u3042\u304f\u307e\u3067\u3082\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u671f\u5f85\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u5806\u80a5\u3092\u571f\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308c\u3070\u5fc5\u305a\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u767a\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u2462\u751f\u7269\u306e\u4f9b\u7d66\u6e90\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306f\uff0c\u65b0\u898f\u306b\u9020\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8fb2\u5730\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u683d\u57f9\u5c65\u6b74\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3067\u767a\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u683d\u57f9\u6b74\u306e\u3042\u308b\u8fb2\u5730\u3067\u306f\u305d\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u671f\u5f85\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3055\u3089\u306b\u2460\u3068\u2461\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u571f\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u542b\u91cf\u306e\u591a\u5c11\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3068\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3082\u5806\u80a5\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3082\u591a\u7a2e\u591a\u69d8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u5806\u80a5\u306b\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u306f\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5806\u80a5\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u70ad\u7d20\uff08\uff23\uff09\u3068\u7a92\u7d20\uff08\uff2e\uff09\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff23\/\uff2e\u6bd4\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000Therefore, Figure 1 summarizes what kind of compost can be used on what kind of soil for farmland with a history of cultivation.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

2. chemical fertilizers only have a nutrient effect<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306f\uff0c\u5806\u80a5\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u591a\u69d8\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\uff0c\u5806\u80a5\u306e\u6301\u3064\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u3046\u3061\uff0c\u2460\u306e\u990a\u5206\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3057\u304b\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u306b\u306f\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u571f\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u571f\u306e\u3059\u304d\u9593\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3084\u305d\u306e\u5272\u5408\uff08\u5b54\u9699\u5206\u5e03)\uff0c\u6392\u6c34\u306e\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3055\uff08\u6392\u6c34\u6027)\uff0c\u6c34\u6301\u3061\u306e\u3088\u3055\uff08\u4fdd\u6c34\u6027)\uff0c\u7a7a\u6c17\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3055\uff08\u901a\u6c17\u6027)\uff0c\u8015\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3055\uff08\u6613\u8015\u6027\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3078\u306e\u6539\u826f\u52b9\u679c\u3084\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\uff0c\u7b2c12\u56de\uff08\uff16\u6708\u53f7\uff09\u3067\u6307\u6458\u3057\u305f\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u52b9\u679c\u306f\uff0c\u5806\u80a5\u3060\u3051\u306b\u3057\u304b\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. compost and chemical fertilizers differ in the onset of nutrient effects.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000The effects of compost and chemical fertilizers differ in their effects as nutrients. As a rule, the nutrients in chemical fertilizers are in an inorganic form that is easily absorbed by crops. Moreover, they are manufactured so that when they are applied to the soil, they dissolve in the soil moisture and are absorbed by the crop. Therefore, the nutrient effect of chemical fertilizers is characterized by rapid action. If a crop shows signs of nutrient deficiency during its growth, the delay in growth can be corrected with additional chemical fertilizers. This is possible because chemical fertilizers are fast-acting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. effect of stable organic matter on improving soil physical properties<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000On the other hand, the nutrients contained in compost are mostly in the organic form, with only a few in the inorganic form readily absorbed by crops. The organic nutrients are decomposed by soil microorganisms before they can be absorbed by the crop. Therefore, compost is a slow-acting nutrient that takes time to become effective. Therefore, it is not suitable for use as a fertilizer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000Of the nutrients contained in compost, the total amount of the fast-acting inorganic portion and the relatively easily degradable (readily degradable) organic portion can be expected to have a fertilizing effect on the soil in the same year they are applied to it. The rest of the organic portion, which takes more time to decompose (persistent), remains in the soil and is carried over to the next year and beyond as stable organic matter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\uff23\/\uff2e\u6bd4\u304c20\u672a\u6e80\u3068\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u5806\u80a5\u306f\uff0c\u5206\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u990a\u5206\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u5f37\u304f\u8868\u308c\u308b\u3002\u9006\u306b\uff23\/\uff2e\u6bd4\u304c30\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3068\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5806\u80a5\u306f\uff0c\u5206\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u306b\u304f\u304f\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u3068\u3057\u3066\u571f\u306b\u6b8b\u308b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u304c\u571f\u306e\u7269\u7406\u6027\u6539\u826f\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. chemical fertilizers have high nutrient content and are light in weight as materials<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u3068\u5806\u80a5\u306e\u990a\u5206\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u3064\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u3061\u304c\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u91cd\u3055\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u990a\u5206\u91cf\u306e\u3061\u304c\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u306f\u5806\u80a5\u3088\u308a\u990a\u5206\u542b\u91cf\u304c\u6841\u3061\u304c\u3044\u306b\u591a\u3044\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u306e\u307b\u3046\u304c\u52b4\u50cd\u6642\u9593\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u990a\u5206\u91cf\u304c\u591a\u304f\uff0c\u5358\u4f4d\u990a\u5206\u91cf\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u306e\u904b\u642c\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u5b89\u3044\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u306a\u5806\u80a5\uff08\u725b\u3075\u3093\u9ea6\u7a08\u5806\u80a5\uff09\u3068\u30c8\u30a6\u30e2\u30ed\u30b3\u30b7\u7528\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u9298\u67c4\u300cS380\u300d\u53f7\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u540c\u3058\uff11kg\u3092\u571f\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u306f\u7a92\u7d20\uff08\uff2e\uff09\u3067\u5806\u80a5\u306e130\u500d\uff0c\u30ea\u30f3\u306a\u3089\uff08P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0960\u500d\uff0c\u30ab\u30ea\u30a6\u30e0\u3067\u306f\uff08K2<\/sub>O\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0925\u500d\u3082\u591a\u304f\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\uff08\u8868\uff11)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000Because compost has a low nutrient content, the amount applied must be large in order to provide the large amount of nutrients needed to increase crop production. However, the amount is too large and labor-intensive. Chemical fertilizers, however, have made it possible to reduce this labor. This is because chemical fertilizers can provide large amounts of nutrients even in small amounts. Therefore, the use of chemical fertilizers has succeeded in greatly increasing the crop yield per area of land. Moreover, it also means an increase in production per labor hour. Thus, the production of food could be increased to support a large population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000The similarities and differences between compost and chemical fertilizers described above can be summarized in Table 2.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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