{"id":3947,"date":"2024-10-17T15:41:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-17T06:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jcam-agri.co.jp\/wordpress\/?post_type=agriculture_science&p=3947"},"modified":"2026-06-24T16:47:31","modified_gmt":"2026-06-24T07:47:31","slug":"%e7%ac%ac738%e5%8f%b7%e3%80%802022-r04-2%e7%99%ba%e8%a1%8c","status":"publish","type":"agriculture_science","link":"https:\/\/www.jcam-agri.co.jp\/en\/agriculture_science\/\u7b2c738\u53f7\u30002022-r04-2\u767a\u884c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c738\u53f7\u30002022(R04).02-03\u767a\u884c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a7Experience high-yield technology using a combination of side-row fertilizer application and seedling box placement.
Jcam Agri Corporation Tohoku Branch
\u6280\u8853\u9867\u554f\u3000\u4e0a\u91ce\u3000\u6b63\u592b<\/a>
No \u00a7 Soil - No. 9
\u3088\u3044\u571f\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3000\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u2212\u305d\u306e\uff14
\u571f\u304c\u990a\u5206\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3059\u308b\u3057\u304f\u307f
Jcam Agri Co.
\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u652f\u5e97\u3000\u6280\u8853\u9867\u554f
\u677e\u4e2d\u3000\u7167\u592b<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Experiencing high-yield technology using a combination of side-row fertilizer application and seedling box placement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jcam Agri Corporation Tohoku Branch
\u6280\u8853\u9867\u554f\u3000\u4e0a\u91ce\u3000\u6b63\u592b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Introduction.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\u3000Therefore, when considering high-yield technology based on seedling box-assisted fertilization, it is natural to assume that combining side-row fertilization, which ensures early growth, with seedling box-assisted fertilization, which is good at late leaching, is a reasonable high-yield technology. Here, we introduce the basic concept of high-yield technology and a local high-yield technology that combines side-row fertilizer application and seedling box-applied fertilizer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seedling technology using seedling boxes
(High nitrogen quality seedlings are produced by pooled seedling cultivation and box-bottom fertilization, which is left up to the seedling box).<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000There are three ways to use box-makase: mixed application of bedding soil and box-makase, layered application, and box-bottom application. The author recommends box-bottom fertilization. Consider the area around the seed rice when seedling seed roots begin to grow. As shown in Figure 1, in the case of layered fertilization, the seeds and the seedling box are living together. In contrast, in box-bottom fertilization, the seed is sandwiched between the bedding soil and the covering soil because the seedling box is at the bottom of the box. This results in a difference in moisture retention. After the seedlings are ready to sprout, lack of moisture can be fatal to the seedlings. It is important to use a bedding medium with high water retention capacity and to apply fertilizer at the bottom of the seedling box. This does not negate the need for layered fertilization. The solution is to pay close attention to irrigation.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

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\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

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2. dry-soil effect on early growth of paddy rice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\u3000In order to expect a dry-soil effect, the amount of soil fraction derived from the dry-soil effect is of course important, but it also depends on how much air-dried soil mass is increased in early spring, between tillage and plowing. Plowing should be done as early as possible to increase the proportion of white-dry clods. No matter how large the fraction of soil derived from the dry-soil effect may be, the dry-soil effect cannot be expected if the soil is plowed in late, watered immediately after plowing, and raked immediately after tillage. In other words, rice plants can maintain good nitrogen nutrition conditions throughout their growth by relying on side-row fertilization and soil nitrogen derived from the dry-soil effect in the early stage of rice growth, and relying on soil nitrogen derived from seedling box placement and soil temperature increase effect in the middle and late stages of growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u8015\u8d77\u6642\u671f\u3068\u4e7e\u571f\u52b9\u679c\u306b\u3088\u308b\u571f\u58cc\u7a92\u7d20\u767a\u73fe\u91cf\u3068\u521d\u671f\u830e\u6570\u306b\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5f71\u97ff\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u56f3\uff12\u306b\u5c71\u5f62\u8fb2\u8a66\u571f\u58cc\uff08T\u2212C 2.54%\uff0cT\u2212N 0.248%\uff09\u306e\u7121\u7a92\u7d20\u533a\uff08\u7070\u8272\u4f4e\u5730\u571f\uff0c\u91d1\u7530\u7d71\uff09\u3092\u4f9b\u8a66\u3057\uff0c\u8015\u8d77\u6642\u671f\u3092\uff13\u6bb5\u968e\uff084\/4\uff0c4\/17\uff0c5\/9\uff09\u3068\u3057\uff0c5\/9\u306b\u5165\u6c34\uff0c\u4ee3\u63bb\u304d\u3057\uff0c\u79fb\u690d\u5f8c\uff11\u30f5\u6708\u306e6\/9\u306e\u571f\u58cc\u7a92\u7d20\u91cf\u3092\uff0c\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u6642\u306e\u830e\u6570\u3092\u8868\uff11\u306b\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff0c\u8015\u8d77\u3092\u9045\u3089\u305b\uff0c\u8015\u8d77\u5f8c\u3059\u3050\u306b\u5165\u6c34\uff0c\u4ee3\u63bb\u304d\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u306f\u4e7e\u571f\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4e7e\u571f\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u671f\u5f85\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\uff0c\u8015\u8d77\u6642\u671f\u3092\u65e9\u3081\uff0c\u571f\u58cc\u8868\u5c64\u571f\u584a\u306e\u4e7e\u71e5\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u5165\u6c34\uff0c\u4ee3\u63bb\u304d\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\uff13\uff0e\u9069\u6b63\u7c7e\u6570\uff0836,000\u7c92\/\u33a1\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u751f\u80b2\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u591a\u53ce\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\uff0c\u9069\u6b63\u7c7e\u6570\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u78ba\u4fdd\u3057\uff0c\u767b\u719f\u6b69\u5408\u3092\u3044\u304b\u306b\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u304b\u306b\u304b\u304b\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002600kg\u306e\u53ce\u91cf\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u306b\u306f\uff0c32,000\u7c92\/\u33a1\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u7c7e\u6570\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002720kg\u306e\u591a\u53ce\u7a6b\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\uff0c36,000\u7c92\/\u33a1\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u7c7e\u6570\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u9069\u6b63\u7c7e\u6570\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u5343\u7c92\u91cd23.0g\uff0c\u767b\u719f\u6b69\u540886%\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3067\u304d\u308c\u3070\u591a\u53ce\u7a6b\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6587\u5b57\u3067\u66f8\u3051\u3070\u7c21\u5358\u3067\u3059\u304c\uff0c\u305d\u3046\u7c21\u5358\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u8fb2\u5bb6\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7a32\u3092\u4f5c\u308c\u3070\uff0c\u9069\u6b63\u7c7e\u6570\u304c\u78ba\u4fdd\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u5e38\u306b\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u3055\u306b\u8155\u306e\u898b\u305b\u6240\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u9577\u5e74\u306e\u7d4c\u9a13\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u30b5\u30b5\u30cb\u30b7\u30ad\uff0c\u30b3\u30b7\u30d2\u30ab\u30ea\u7b49\u306e\u7a42\u6570\u578b\u54c1\u7a2e\u306f\uff0c\u521d\u671f\u751f\u80b2\u306f\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u304c\u6700\u9ad8\u830e\u6570\u3092\u904e\u5927\u306b\u305b\u305a\u306b\uff0c\u751f\u80b2\u4e2d\u671f\u306b\u8449\u8272\u3092\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5012\u4f0f\u3092\u9632\u6b62\u3057\uff0c\u4e00\u7a42\u7c7e\u6570\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff0c\u767b\u719f\u6b69\u5408\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08\uff36\u5b57\u7a32\u4f5c\uff09\u3067\u591a\u53ce\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3057\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u306e\u591a\u53ce\u54c1\u7a2e\u306f\uff0c\u4e08\u304c\u77ed\u304f\uff0c\u5012\u4f0f\u306b\u5f37\u3044\u7a42\u91cd\u578b\u306e\u54c1\u7a2e\uff08\u306f\u3048\u306c\u304d\uff0c\u96ea\u82e5\u4e38\u7b49\uff09\u304c\u4e3b\u6d41\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u54c1\u7a2e\u306f\uff0c\u7279\u306b\u521d\u671f\u751f\u80b2\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3067\uff0c\u751f\u80b2\u4e2d\u671f\u306e\u8449\u8272\u3092\u3042\u307e\u308a\u843d\u3068\u3055\u305a\uff08\u3078\u306e\u5b57\u5f62\u7a32\u4f5c)\uff0c\u89aa\u830e\u3092\u4e3b\u4f53\u306b\u6df1\u6c34\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u3067\u830e\u3092\u592a\u304f\u3057\uff0c\u7a42\u91cd\u611f\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3057\u305f\u7a32\u4f5c\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\uff0c\u5074\u6761\u65bd\u80a5\u7b49\u901f\u52b9\u6027\u80a5\u6599\u3067\u521d\u671f\u830e\u6570\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u82d7\u7bb1\u307e\u304b\u305b\u3067\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u964d\u306e\u8449\u8272\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c\u5f8c\u671f\u7a92\u7d20\u6804\u990a\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3057\u305f\u7c73\u3065\u304f\u308a\u3067\u591a\u53ce\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3059\u6a5f\u904b\u304c\u9ad8\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5074\u6761\u65bd\u80a5\u3068\u82d7\u7bb1\u307e\u304b\u305b\u306e\u4f75\u7528\u306f\u6b63\u306b\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u671f\u5f85\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u307b\u304b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. proper nitrogen uptake pattern and late stage nitrogen nutrition<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000It is important to clarify the relationship between nitrogen absorption patterns of paddy rice and brown rice yield in order to secure an appropriate number of rice grains. Here, we will examine the process of nitrogen absorption in high-yield rice paddies in the Shonai region of Yamagata Prefecture. The Shonai area is one of the best rice-producing regions in Japan, and for more than 40 years, a rice-growing campaign has been conducted in the area, with 60 demonstration fields established at each of the agricultural cooperative branches. Among them, 14 demonstration fields with different yield levels were selected and nitrogen absorption by rice plants was investigated at different times of the year over a two-year period. Figure 3 shows the results of the survey of the demonstration fields and the relationship between nitrogen absorption and brown rice yield since 1965 from the three-factor test conducted at the Shonai Branch.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000According to the data from the three-factor test, there was a linear positive relationship between brown rice yield and nitrogen absorption up to a brown rice yield of about 600 kg per 10 a, as has been pointed out in the past, and a tendency for nitrogen absorption to slow down at higher yields. However, when the absorbed amount of nitrogen in the 14 demonstration fields where soil improvement was emphasized was added, the linear positive relationship between brown rice yield and nitrogen absorption continued up to about 800 kg per 10 a. This is because soil improvement in the demonstration fields has an effect on nitrogen uptake. This was attributed to the effect of soil improvement in the demonstration fields, especially the application of siliceous fertilizers based on soil diagnosis, which stabilized the maturity yield and led to stable yield even when nitrogen absorption increased, thus establishing the above-mentioned relationship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000Next, the yields of the demonstration fields (14 locations) were divided into two groups: the 700 kg\/10 a level (average 727 kg at 7 points) and the 600 kg\/10 a level (average 667 kg at 7 points), and the percentage of nitrogen absorption at each time is shown in Table 2. According to the results, the 700 kg\/10 a level group absorbed more nitrogen than the 600 kg\/10 a level group, and in the nitrogen absorption ratio by time, the amount of nitrogen absorbed after the ear-arrangement period was higher, which is a major characteristic of autumn-successive growth. This is what we expect from the seedling box.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Demonstrated high yield with 1:1 side-row fertilization and seedling box application for total nitrogen<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u9152\u7530\u5e02\u672c\u696f\u5730\u533a\u306f\uff0c\u5e84\u5185\u98fd\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u306e\u307b\u307c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\uff0c\u826f\u8cea\u7c73\u7523\u5730\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5730\u57df\u3068\u3057\u3066\u540d\u58f0\u3092\u8a87\u3063\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5730\u533a\u3067\uff13\u4eba\u306e\u82e5\u624b\u8fb2\u5bb6\u306b\uff0c\u4ee4\u548c\uff12\u5e74\u301c\uff13\u5e74\u308f\u305f\u308a\uff0c\u5074\u6761\u65bd\u80a5\uff14kg\/10a\uff0b\u82d7\u7bb1\u307e\u304b\u305b\uff14kg\/10a\u3000\u8a08\uff18kg\/10a\u306e\u8a66\u9a13\u533a\u3092\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3044\uff0c\u8fb2\u5bb6\u6163\u884c\uff08\u57fa\u80a5\uff0b\u8ffd\u80a5\uff09\u3092\u5bfe\u7167\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u8a3c\u8a66\u9a13\u3092\u884c\u306a\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u672c\u8a66\u9a13\u306f\u682a\u5f0f\u4f1a\u793e\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u30fb\u30d5\u30ed\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30a2\uff08\u85e4\u4e95\u5148\u751f\uff09\u3068\u5171\u540c\u3067\u300c\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u8fb2\u696d\u571f\u3065\u304f\u308a\u9023\u52d5\u578b\u6b21\u4e16\u4ee3\u578b\u57fa\u80a5\u4e00\u767a\u80a5\u6599\u4f53\u7cfb\uff63\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u5b9f\u65bd\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u82e5\u624b\uff13\u8fb2\u5bb6\u306f\u521d\u3081\u3066\u82d7\u7bb1\u307e\u304b\u305b\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\uff0c\u306a\u3093\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3082\u306a\u304f\uff0c\u9ad8\u7a92\u7d20\u3067\u30ba\u30f3\u30b0\u30ea\u3057\u305f\u826f\u8cea\u82d7\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u82d7\u7bb1\u307e\u304b\u305b\u306fN400\u2212100\u3092400g\/\u7bb1\u3067\uff0c10a\u5f53\u305f\u308a25\u7bb1\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u54c1\u7a2e\u306f\u300c\u306f\u3048\u306c\u304d\u300d\u3092\u4f9b\u8a66\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u8868\uff13\u306b\u521d\u5e74\u76ee\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4ee4\u548c\uff12\u5e74\u306e\u53ce\u91cf\u8abf\u67fb\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u5404\u8a66\u9a13\u5834\u6240\u3068\u3082\u5bfe\u7167\u533a\uff08\u8fb2\u5bb6\u6163\u884c\uff09\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u5074\u6761\u65bd\u80a5\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3067\u521d\u671f\u751f\u80b2\u304c\u512a\u308b\u50be\u5411\u3067\uff0c\u5074\u6761\uff0b\u82d7\u7bb1\u533a\u3067\u830e\u8cea\uff08\u7a08\uff09\u306e\u5145\u5b9f\u5ea6\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\uff0c\u7a08\u306e\u30d0\u30e9\u30c4\u30ad\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u50be\u5411\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u3067\uff0c\u53ce\u91cf\u3082\u5bfe\u7167\u533a\u306b\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\uff12\u301c14%\u5897\u53ce\u3057\uff0c\u307b\u307c700kg\/10a\u306e\u53ce\u91cf\u304c\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

6. Conclusion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u5074\u6761\u65bd\u80a5\u3068\u82d7\u7bb1\u307e\u304b\u305b\u306e\u76f8\u6027\u306e\u826f\u3055\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5168\u7a92\u7d20\u65bd\u80a5\u91cf\u3092\uff18kg\/10a\u3067\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u5074\u6761\u65bd\u80a5\u3068\u82d7\u7bb1\u307e\u304b\u305b\u306e\u65bd\u80a5\u7a92\u7d20\u306e\u5272\u5408\u306f\uff11\uff1a\uff11\u304c\u9069\u5f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u73fe\u5730\u8a66\u9a13\u3067\u5b9f\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5272\u5408\u306f\u571f\u58cc\u80a5\u6c83\u5ea6\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u3066\u5dee\u3057\u652f\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u5074\u6761\u65bd\u80a5\u6a5f\u304c\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\uff0c\u901f\u52b9\u6027\u80a5\u6599\uff08\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u30aa\u30fc\u30eb14\u3000\uff11\u301c\uff12\u888b\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u79fb\u690d\u524d\u306b\u5703\u5834\u5168\u9762\u306b\u65bd\u80a5\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u540c\u69d8\u3068\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3064\u307e\u308a\uff0c\u6c34\u7a32\u306e\u521d\u671f\u751f\u80b2\u3092\u571f\u58cc\u7a92\u7d20\uff08\u4e7e\u571f\u52b9\u679c\uff09\u3068\u901f\u52b9\u6027\u80a5\u6599\u306e\u5408\u91cf\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\uff0c\u4e2d\u5f8c\u671f\u306e\u7a92\u7d20\u6804\u990a\u3092\u82d7\u7bb1\u307e\u304b\u305b\u3068\u571f\u58cc\u7a92\u7d20\uff08\u5730\u6e29\u4e0a\u6607\u52b9\u679c\u7531\u6765\u7a92\u7d20\uff09\u3067\u88dc\u7d66\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u751f\u80b2\u5168\u822c\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308a\u7d99\u7d9a\u3057\u305f\u7a92\u7d20\u6804\u990a\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u9ad8\u53ce\u91cf\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304f\u3082\u306e\u3068\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u82d7\u7bb1\u307e\u304b\u305b\u306f\u7a92\u7d20\u306e\u307f\uff08NK301\u306f\u7a92\u7d20\u3068\u52a0\u91cc\uff09\u3067\u5074\u6761\u65bd\u80a5\u3084\u901f\u52b9\u6027\u80a5\u6599\u3092\u4f75\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\uff0c\u52a0\u91cc\u3082\u540c\u6642\u306b\u88dc\u7d66\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3042\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u81ea\u5206\u304c\u7d4c\u9a13\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u6280\u8853\u3092\u99c6\u4f7f\u3057\uff0c\u78e8\u304d\u4e0a\u3052\u3066\u304d\u305f\u6280\u8853\u3067\uff0c\u9069\u6b63\u7c7e\u6570\uff0836,000\u7c92\/\u33a1\uff09\u3092\u5b89\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u4fdd\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u304c\u591a\u53ce\u7a6b\u306e\u30ab\u30ae\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u571f\u306e\u306f\u306a\u3057\u2212\u7b2c\uff19\u56de
\u3088\u3044\u571f\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3000\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u2212\u305d\u306e\uff14
\u571f\u304c\u990a\u5206\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3059\u308b\u3057\u304f\u307f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jcam Agri Co.
\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u652f\u5e97\u3000\u6280\u8853\u9867\u554f
\u677e\u4e2d\u3000\u7167\u592b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000It is hard to believe that soil is electrostatically charged. However, because of this property of soil, nutrients contained in fertilizers and compost are attracted to and retained in the soil by electrostatic forces. Those who discovered the soil's ability to hold these nutrients (nutrient retention capacity) must have been surprised, too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. discovery of nutrient retention capacity of soil<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000The story goes back to England about 170 years ago. At that time, chemical fertilizers were new to the world and were rarely used. Therefore, the source of nutrients for crops depended exclusively on compost produced from livestock manure. However, the ammonia contained in the manure would volatilize and lose if left unattended. To prevent this, sulfuric acid, a byproduct of coal combustion, was diluted and spread on the compost heap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000However, the sulfuric acid treatment resulted in the production of large amounts of ammonium sulfate. Thompson, a wealthy farmer in Yorkshire, northern England, wondered if the sulfuric acid treatment would actually reduce the fertilizing effect of the compost because rainwater would dissolve the ammonium sulfate and run off into the ground. Thompson asked Spence, a pharmacist with a background in chemistry, to test the veracity of his suspicions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u30b9\u30da\u30f3\u30b9\u306f\u8fb2\u5834\u306e\u571f\u306b\u786b\u9178\u30a2\u30f3\u30e2\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3066\u3088\u304f\u6df7\u305c\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u3092\u30ac\u30e9\u30b9\u7ba1\u306b\u8a70\u3081\u3066\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\u84b8\u7559\u6c34\uff08H2<\/sub>O\uff09\u3092\u6d41\u3057\uff0c\u4e0b\u304b\u3089\u51fa\u3066\u304d\u305f\u6d78\u900f\u6c34\u306e\u6210\u5206\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3059\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u306f\u305a\u306e\u30a2\u30f3\u30e2\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\u304c\u6d78\u900f\u6c34\u304b\u3089\u6d88\u3048\uff0c\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u30ab\u30eb\u30b7\u30a6\u30e0\u304c\u786b\u9178\u30ab\u30eb\u30b7\u30a6\u30e0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30b9\u30da\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u30c8\u30f3\u30d7\u30bd\u30f3\u306f\u571f\u304c\u30a2\u30f3\u30e2\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\u3092\u3072\u304d\u3064\u3051\u3066\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u3067\u6700\u521d\u306b\u3053\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u8ad6\u6587\u767a\u8868\u3057\u305f\u30021850\u5e74\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000Around the same time, Huxtable of Dorset, southern England, also recognized the ability of soil to purify the color and odor-causing substances in manure mixtures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000After hearing the results of these experiments at a meeting of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, Ouray followed up their experiments himself and reaffirmed that the results were true. Later, after five years of extensive experimentation, he found that the clay of the soil had the ability to attract substances. The paper by Ouray describing these findings appeared in the same issue of the same journal in which Thompson's paper appeared, but on a page behind Thompson's.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000All of them, who were interested in similar phenomena in the same period, concluded that this property of the soil would play a major role in actual agriculture. Among them, Ouray even believed that this soil property was due to ion exchange occurring in the soil. However, it was not until some 40 years after his death that this idea was accepted by the public.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. the carrier of the soil's nutrient retention capacity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000The results of Wei's experiments led to research on soil organic matter and clay minerals and their ability to retain nutrients, which were found to have electrically charged properties. It was found that soils can be negatively electrically charged (negative charge) or positively electrically charged (positive charge) in some cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) Bearer of soil load (negative electricity)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u571f\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u96fb\u306e\u62c5\u3044\u624b\u306f\uff0c\u2460\u7c98\u571f\u9271\u7269\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u5909\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8377\u96fb\uff0c\u2461\u7c98\u571f\u9271\u7269\u306e\u7aef\u672b\u306b\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8377\u96fb\uff0c\u2462\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\uff08\u8150\u690d\uff09\u306e\u7aef\u672b\u306b\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8377\u96fb\u306e\uff13\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7c98\u571f\u9271\u7269\u3068\u306f\u571f\u306e\u539f\u6599\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5ca9\u77f3\uff08\u4e00\u6b21\u9271\u7269\uff09\u304c\u7269\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u98a8\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u3092\u3046\u3051\u3066\u5909\u6210\u3057\uff0c\u5143\u306e\u5ca9\u77f3\u3068\u306f\u3061\u304c\u3046\u9271\u7269\uff08\u4e8c\u6b21\u9271\u7269\uff09\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u30b1\u30a4\u7d20\u3082\u3057\u304f\u306f\u30a2\u30eb\u30df\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\u304c\u4e3b\u4f53\u3068\u306a\u308a\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u306b\u9178\u7d20\uff0c\u6c34\u7d20\u306a\u3069\u304c\u898f\u5247\u6027\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u305f\uff11\u679a\u306e\u9762\u72b6\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u30b1\u30a4\u7d20\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\uff0c\u30a2\u30eb\u30df\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8ca0\u8377\u96fb\u306e\u62c5\u3044\u624b\u306e\u2460\u306f\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u7c98\u571f\u9271\u7269\u306e\u7d50\u6676\uff0c\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u30b1\u30a4\u7d20\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u3067\uff0c\u30b1\u30a4\u7d20\uff08\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u308b\u624b\uff08\u6b63\u8377\u96fb\uff09\u306e\u6570\u304c\uff14\u3064\uff09\u304c\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u304c\u307b\u307c\u540c\u3058\u306e\u30a2\u30eb\u30df\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\uff08\u6b63\u8377\u96fb\u306e\u6570\u304c\uff13\u3064\uff09\u3068\u5165\u308c\u66ff\u308f\u308b\uff08\u540c\u578b\u7f6e\u63db\u3068\u3044\u3046\uff09\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3067\u304d\u308b\uff08\u56f3\uff11)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u3000The four positively charged silicon is balanced by the four positively charged oxygen. However, when it is replaced by aluminum, which has three positive charges, there is a surplus of one loading charge of oxygen. This excess charge is a stable charge that always functions as a loading charge regardless of the surrounding conditions, and is called a permanent charge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u8ca0\u8377\u96fb\u306e\u62c5\u3044\u624b\u306e\u2461\u3068\u2462\u306f\uff0c\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u8377\u96fb\u306e\u5468\u308a\u306epH\u304c\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3002pH\u304c\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\uff0c\u6c34\u7d20\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\uff08\uff28\u207a\uff09\u304c\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u3066\u6c34\u9178\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\uff08OH\u207b\uff09\u304c\u5897\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u2461\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3082\u2462\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3082\uff0c\u7c98\u571f\u9271\u7269\u306e\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u3084\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u306e\u7aef\u672b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6c34\u9178\u57fa\uff08\u2212OH\uff09\u3084\u30ab\u30eb\u30dc\u30ad\u30b7\u30eb\u57fa\uff08\u2212COOH\uff09\u306e\u7aef\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6c34\u7d20\uff08\uff28\uff09\u304c\uff0c\u5897\u3048\u305f\u6c34\u9178\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u306b\u3072\u304d\u5bc4\u305b\u3089\u308c\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9178\u7d20\uff08\uff2f\uff09\u304b\u3089\u3072\u304d\u306f\u304c\u3055\u308c\u3066H2<\/sub>O\u3092\u3064\u304f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8ca0\u8377\u96fb\u306b\u4f59\u5270\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\uff0c\u571f\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u96fb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\uff08\u56f3\uff12)\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u96fb\u306fpH\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u306a\u8377\u96fb\u3067\uff0c\u5909\u7570\u8377\u96fb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

(2) Bearer of positive charge (positive electricity)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u571f\u306e\u6b63\u8377\u96fb\u306e\u62c5\u3044\u624b\u306f\uff0c\u2460\u30a2\u30eb\u30df\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u7aef\u672b\u306b\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8377\u96fb\uff0c\u2461\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u306e\u7aef\u672b\u306b\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8377\u96fb\uff0c\u2462\u98a8\u5316\u304c\u9032\u3093\u3060\u571f\u306e\u7c98\u571f\u9271\u7269\uff08\u9244\u3084\u30a2\u30eb\u30df\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\u306e\u9178\u5316\u7269\uff09\u306b\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8377\u96fb\u306e\uff13\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\uff13\u3064\u306e\u8377\u96fb\u306f\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u5468\u308a\u306epH\u304c\u4e0b\u304c\u308b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u5909\u7570\u8377\u96fb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002pH\u304c\u4e0b\u304c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u6c34\u7d20\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\uff08\uff28\u207a\uff09\u304c\u5897\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u8377\u96fb\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u3057\u304f\u307f\u306f\uff0c\u2460\u2461\u2462\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u7aef\u672b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6c34\u9178\u57fa\uff08\u2212OH\uff09\u3084\u30ab\u30eb\u30dc\u30ad\u30b7\u30eb\u57fa\uff08\u2212COOH\uff09\u306a\u3069\u304cpH\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3067\u5897\u3048\u305f\u6c34\u7d20\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\uff08\uff28\u207a\uff09\u3092\u3072\u304d\u5bc4\u305b\u3066\u30aa\u30ad\u30bd\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\uff08\u2212OH2<\/sub>\u207a\uff09\u3092\u3064\u304f\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u304c\u6b63\u8377\u96fb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\uff08\u56f3\uff13)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

3. permanent charge and exchangeable aluminum<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u5148\u306b\u6307\u6458\u3057\u305f\u6c38\u4e45\u8377\u96fb\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u96fb\u306fpH\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u9178\u6027\u5316\u3057\u3066pH\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u3082\u8ca0\u8377\u96fb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u9178\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u30a2\u30eb\u30df\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\uff08Al\uff13<\/sup>\u207a\uff09\u3092\u4ea4\u63db\u6027\u967d\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u4fdd\u6301\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u672c\u9023\u8f09\u7b2c\uff17\u56de\u3067\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u975e\u30a2\u30ed\u30d5\u30a7\u30f3\u8cea\u9ed2\u30dc\u30af\u571f\u306f\u3053\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u96fb\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\uff0c\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u9178\u6027\u969c\u5bb3\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u4ea4\u63db\u6027\u30a2\u30eb\u30df\u30cb\u30a6\u30e0\u3092\u591a\u304f\u4fdd\u6301\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3002\u30c8\u30a6\u30e2\u30ed\u30b3\u30b7\u306b\u9178\u6027\u969c\u5bb3\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3053\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000On the other hand, allophenic black box soils are predominantly mutagenically charged from organic matter and become positively charged upon acidification. Exchangeable aluminum, which has the same positive charge, repels the positive charge of the soil and cannot exist stably. Therefore, it can be understood that the allophenolic black box soil did not cause acid damage to the corn. This is a very interesting phenomenon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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